> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://heersin.gitbook.io/radare2/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://heersin.gitbook.io/radare2/intro-6/graphs.md).

# 图形化命令

分析时如果能以不同的形式展示数据的话会非常方便，能帮助分析者从新的角度了解程序中的各部分是如何交互的。

图形化能够清晰地展现代码块的边界，函数调用以及字符串的引用位置。

Radare2支持多种类型的可视化界面，`ag`开头的命令负责这些工作：

```
[0x00005000]> ag?
|Usage: ag<graphtype><format> [addr]
| Graph commands:
| aga[format]             Data references graph
| agA[format]             Global data references graph
| agc[format]             Function callgraph
| agC[format]             Global callgraph
| agd[format] [fcn addr]  Diff graph
| agf[format]             Basic blocks function graph
| agi[format]             Imports graph
| agr[format]             References graph
| agR[format]             Global references graph
| agx[format]             Cross references graph
| agg[format]             Custom graph
| ag-                     Clear the custom graph
| agn[?] title body       Add a node to the custom graph
| age[?] title1 title2    Add an edge to the custom graph

Output formats:
| <blank>                 Ascii art
| *                       r2 commands
| d                       Graphviz dot
| g                       Graph Modelling Language (gml)
| j                       json ('J' for formatted disassembly)
| k                       SDB key-value
| t                       Tiny ascii art
| v                       Interactive ascii art
| w [path]                Write to path or display graph image (see graph.gv.format and graph.web)
```

这类命令的格式是:`ag <graph type> <output format>`

例如，`agid`将会以dot格式显示程序中的导入函数，而`aggj`则是以json格式显示的。

下面是对每种输出格式的简介。

## Ascii Art \*\* (e.g. `agf`)

Displays the graph directly to stdout using ASCII art to represent blocks and edges.

*Warning: displaying large graphs directly to stdout might prove to be computationally expensive and will make r2 not responsive for some time. In case of a doubt, prefer using the interactive view (explained below).*

## Interactive Ascii Art (e.g. `agfv`)

Displays the ASCII graph in an interactive view similar to `VV` which allows to move the screen, zoom in / zoom out, ...

## Tiny Ascii Art (e.g. `agft`)

Displays the ASCII graph directly to stdout in tiny mode (which is the same as reaching the maximum zoom out level in the interactive view).

## Graphviz dot    (e.g. `agfd`)

Prints the dot source code representing the graph, which can be interpreted by programs such as [graphviz](https://graphviz.gitlab.io/download/) or online viewers like [this](http://www.webgraphviz.com/)

## JSON    (e.g. `agfj`)

Prints a JSON string representing the graph.

* In case of the `f` format (basic blocks of function), it will have detailed information about the function and will also contain the disassembly of the function (use `J` format for the formatted disassembly.
* In all other cases, it will only have basic information about the nodes of the graph (id, title, body, and edges).

## Graph Modelling Language (e.g. `agfg`)

Prints the GML source code representing the graph, which can be interpreted by programs such as [yEd](https://www.yworks.com/products/yed/download)

## SDB key-value (e.g. `agfk`)

Prints key-value strings representing the graph that was stored by sdb (radare2's string database).

## R2 custom graph commands (e.g. `agf*`)

Prints r2 commands that would recreate the desired graph. The commands to construct the graph are `agn [title] [body]` to add a node and `age [title1] [title2]` to add an edge. The `[body]` field can be expressed in base64 to include special formatting (such as newlines).

To easily execute the printed commands, it is possible to prepend a dot to the command (`.agf*`).

## Web / image    (e.g. `agfw`)

Radare2 will convert the graph to dot format, use the `dot` program to convert it to a `.gif` image and then try to find an already installed viewer on your system (`xdg-open`, `open`, ...) and display the graph there.

The extension of the output image can be set with the `graph.extension` config variable. Available extensions are `png, jpg, gif, pdf, ps`.

*Note: for particularly large graphs, the most recommended extension is `svg` as it will produce images of much smaller size*

If `graph.web` config variable is enabled, radare2 will try to display the graph using the browser (*this feature is experimental and unfinished, and disabled by default.*)